Generated columns

A generated column is a special column that is always computed from other columns. In RisingWave, you can create a generated column when creating a table or source.

To create a generated column, use the AS <generation_expression> clause in CREATE TABLE or CREATE SOURCE statements, for example:

CREATE TABLE t1 (v1 int AS v2-1, v2 int, v3 int AS v2+1);

• A generation expression cannot reference another generated column.
• The generated column is created in RisingWave and will not be accessed through the external connector. Therefore, if the external upstream system has a schema, it does not need to include the generated column within the table’s schema in the external system.

A generated column in a table is slightly different from one in a source.

• The generated column with impure expressions can not be part of the primary key.
• A generated column in a table is stored in the created table, and computed when it is inserted. This is equivalent to the STORED type of generated columns in PostgreSQL.
• A generated column in a source is not stored in the created source, and is computed when the source is queried. This is equivalent to the VIRTUAL type of generated columns in PostgreSQL.

To create a generated column as the processing time of a message, use the proctime() function, for example:

CREATE TABLE t1 (v1 int, proc_time timestamptz as proctime());

See also proctime().