> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.risingwave.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Overview of data types

> RisingWave supports the following data types:

| Type                        | Aliases         | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Value                                                                                                                                        |
| :-------------------------- | :-------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| boolean                     | bool            | Logical Boolean.  <br />It follows a three-valued logic system (true, false, or null).                                                                                                                                                      | true, false, or null                                                                                                                         |
| smallint                    |                 | Two-byte integer                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Range: -32768 to 32767                                                                                                                       |
| integer                     | int             | Four-byte integer                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Range: -2147483648 to 2147483647                                                                                                             |
| bigint                      |                 | Eight-byte integer                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Range: -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807                                                                                           |
| numeric                     | decimal         | Exact numeric. <br />We do not support specifying precision and scale as of now.                                                                                                                                                            | Precision: 28 decimal digits. Note that the range is smaller compared to PostgreSQL.                                                         |
| real                        |                 | Single precision floating-point number (4 bytes)                                                                                                                                                                                            | Range: 6 decimal digits precision                                                                                                            |
| double precision            | double          | Double precision floating-point number (8 bytes)                                                                                                                                                                                            | Range: 15 decimal digits precision                                                                                                           |
| character varying           | varchar, string | Variable-length character string.  <br />We do not support specifying the maximum length as of now.                                                                                                                                         | Example: `'Hello World!'`                                                                                                                    |
| bytea                       |                 | [Binary strings](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/datatype-binary.html).  <br />RisingWave only supports the hex formats for input and output; the escape format is not supported yet.                                               | Syntax: `' \x binary_string '`  <br />Example: `'\xDe00BeEf'`                                                                                |
| date                        |                 | Calendar date (year, month, day)                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Example: `date '2022-04-08'`                                                                                                                 |
| time without time zone      | time            | Time of day (no time zone)                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Example: `time '18:20:49'`                                                                                                                   |
| timestamp without time zone | timestamp       | Date and time (no time zone)                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Example: `'2022-03-13 01:00:00'::timestamp`                                                                                                  |
| timestamp with time zone    | timestamptz     | Timestamp with time zone.  <br />The 'Z' stands for UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). Timestamptz values are stored in UTC. When sinking downstream, timestamptz is represented in i64 with a resolution of microseconds.                   | Example: `'2022-03-13 01:00:00Z'::timestamptz`                                                                                               |
| interval                    |                 | Time span.  <br />Input in string format. Units include: second/seconds/s, minute/minutes/min/m, hour/hours/hr/h, day/days/d, month/months/mon, and year/years/yr/y. Units smaller than second can only be specified in a numerical format. | Examples: `interval '4 hour'` → `04:00:00`  <br />`interval '3 day'` → `3 days 00:00:00`  <br />`interval '04:00:00.1234'` → `04:00:00.1234` |
| struct                      |                 | A struct is a column that contains nested data.                                                                                                                                                                                             | For syntax and examples, see [Struct](/sql/data-types/struct).                                                                               |
| array                       |                 | An array is an ordered list of zero or more elements that share the same data type.                                                                                                                                                         | For syntax and examples, see [Array](/sql/data-types/array-type).                                                                            |
| map                         |                 | A map contains key-value pairs.                                                                                                                                                                                                             | For syntax and examples, see [Map](/sql/data-types/map-type).                                                                                |
| JSONB                       |                 | A (binary) JSON value that ignores semantically-insignificant whitespaces or order of object keys.                                                                                                                                          | For syntax and examples, see [JSONB](/sql/data-types/jsonb).                                                                                 |
| vector(n)                   |                 | Fixed-length vector with `n` dimensions for similarity search operations.                                                                                                                                                                   | For syntax and examples, see [Vector](/sql/data-types/vector).                                                                               |

<Note>
  Scientific notation (e.g., 1e6, 1.25e5, and 1e-4) is supported in SELECT and INSERT statements.
</Note>

## Casting

For details about data type casting, see [Casting](/sql/data-types/casting).